Manual / Guide · 1976
Apple-1 Operation Manual (1976)
The original manual: setting up the board, the Woz Monitor, its examples, the schematic and specifications.
Manual / Guide · 1976
The original manual: setting up the board, the Woz Monitor, its examples, the schematic and specifications.
APPLE -1 OPERATION MANUAL APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY 770 Welch Road Palo Alto, Calif. 94304 SPECIFICATIONS MIC ROPROCESSOR: Microprocessor Clock Frequency: Effective Cycle Frequency: (Including Refresh Waits) VIDEO OUTPUT: Line Rate: Frame Rate: Format: Display Memory: Character Matrix: RAM MEMORY: On-board RAM Capacity: POWER SUPPLIES: Input Power Requirements: Recommended Transformers: MOS TECHNOLOGY 6502 1.023 MHz 0.960 MHz Composite positive video, 75 ohms, level adjustable between zero and +5Vpp. 15734 Hz 60.05 Hz 40 characters/line, 24 lines; with automatic scrolling Dynamic shift registers (1K x 7) 5x7 l6-pin, 4K Dynamic, type 4096 (2104) 8K bytes (4K supplied) 45 Volts @ 3 amps, +/- 12 Volts @0.5 amps, and -5 Volts @ 0.5 amps 8 to 10 Volts AC (RMS) @ 3 amps, 26 to 28 Volts AC (RMS) Center-Tapped, 1A, Stancor # P-8380 or Triad F31-X Stancor # P-8667 or Triad F40-X APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY 770 Welch Road, Suite 154 Palo Alto, California 94304 Phone: (415) 326-4248 | INTRODUCTION } The Apple Computer is a complete micro- processor system, consisting of a Mos Technology 6502 microprocessor and support hardware, tegral video display electronics, dynamic memory and refresh hardware, and fully regulated power in- supplies. It contains resident system monitor software, enabling the user, via the keyboard and display, to write, examine, debug, and run programs efficiently; thus being an educational tool for the learning of microprocessor program-— ming, and an aid in the development of software. The integral video display section and the keyboard interface renders unnecessary the need for an external teletype. The display section con- tains its ownmemory, leaving all of RAM for user programs, and the outputformat is 40 characters/ line, 24 lines/page, with auto scrolling. Almost any ASCII encoded keyboard will interface directly with the Apple system. The board has sockets for upto 8K bytes of the 16 pin, 4K type, RAM, and the system is fully expandable to 65K via the edge connector. The system uses dynamic memory (4K bytes sup~ plied), although static memory may also be used. All refreshing of dynamic memory, including all " off-board" expansion memory, is done auto- matically. The entire system timing, including the microprocessor clock and all video signals, originates in a single crystal oscillator. Further, the printed circuit board contains a ''breadboard area", in which the user can add additional "on-board"! hardware (for example, extra PIA's, ACIA's, EROM's, and so on), This manual is divided into three Sections: Section I GETTING THE SYSTEM RUNNING. SectionII USING THE SYSTEM MONITOR. (listing included) SectionIITI EXPANDING THE SYSTEM. Please readSectionI thoroughly, before at~ tempting to "power-up" your system, and study Section III carefully before attempting to expand your system. In addition to this manual, Apple "Tech Notes" are available which contain exam~ ples of expansion hardware and techniques. SECTION I GETTING THE SYSTEM RUNNING The Apple Computer is fully assembled, tested, and burned in. The only external devices necessary for operation of the system are: An ASCII encoded keyboard, a video display monitor, and AC power sources of 8 to 10 Volts (RMS) @3 amps and 28Volts(RMS)@lamp. The following three articles describe the attachment of these devices in detail. Keyboard: Any ASCII encoded keyboard, with positive DATA outputs, interfaces directly with the Apple system via a "DIP" connector. If your keyboard has negative logic DATA outputs (rare), you can install inverters (7404) in the breadboard area. The strobe can be either positive or negative, of long or short duration. The 'DIP" keyboard con- nector (B4) has inputs for seven DATA lines, one BE 3 Be 4 FROM B6 TO KBD KEYBOARD CONNECTOR B7 >B7 (B4) STROBE line, and two normally-open pushbutton switches, used for RESET (enter monitor), and CLEAR SCREEN (see schematic diagram, sheet 3 of 3, for exact circuitry). This keyboard con- nector also supplies three voltages, (45V, +12V, and-12V) of which one or more may be necessary to operate the keyboard. Pin 15 of the keyboard connector (B4) must be tied to +5V (pin 16) for normal operation. NOTE: The system monitor accepts only upper- case alpha (A-F, R). It is therefore convenient, though it's not essential, tohave akeyboard equipped with upper- case alpha lock (usually inthe electronics). Either of the following suggested circuits may be used to provide alpha lock capability, if needed, and can be built in the breadboard area. B6 yg 3 4 00 | 6 Vee(+5) 00 BE rrom | 5 TO KBD KBD (4 (pay B7—e »B7 Display: The Apple Computer outputs a composite video signal (composite of sync and video infor- mation) which can be applied to any standard raster-scan type video display monitor. The out- put level is adjustable with the potentiometer located near the video output Molex connector, J2. The additional two outside pins on the Molex con- nector supply +5and+l2 volts, to be used in future Apple accessories. The composite video signal can also be modulated atthe proper RF frequency, with an inexpensive commercially available device, and applied to the antenna terminals of a home television receiver, Since the character format is 40 characters /line, all television receivers will have the necessary bandwidth to display the entire 40 characters. Two large manufacturers of video display monitors, which connect directly with the Apple Computer, are Motorola and Ball. The mating four-pin Molex connector is provided. AC Power Sources: Two incoming AC power sources are re- quired for operation: 8tol0 VAC (RMS) at 3 amps, and 28 VAC(RMS) Center-Tapped at lamp. These AC supplies enter the system at the Molex con- nector, Jl. The 8tol0 volts AC provides the raw AC for the 45 volt supply, while the 28 VCT sup-— plies the raw AC for the +12 and -12 volt supplies, and the -5V supply is derived from the -12V reg- ulated output. The board, as supplied, requires no more than 1.5 amps DC from the 45V supply, while the regulator is capable of supplying 3 amps. The remaining 1.5 amps DC from the +5V supply is available for user hardware expansion (provided suitable transformer ratings are employed). A suitable source of the raw AC voltages required, are two commercially available trans— formers; Stancor P/N P-8380 or equivalent (8 to 10 volts at 3 amps), and Stancor P/N P-8667 or equivalent (28VCT at 1 amp). Simply wire the secondaries tothe mating six-pin Molex connector supplied, and wire the primaries in parallel, as shown in the schematic diagram (power supply section, Dwg.No. 00101, sheet 3 of 3. TEST PROGRAM After attaching the keyboard, display, and AC power sources, you can try a simple program to test if your system and the attachments are functioning together properly. While it does not test many possible areas of the microprocessor system, the test program will test for the correct attachment of the keyboard, display, and power supplies. FIRST: Hit the RESET button to enter the system monitor. A backslash shouldbe displayed, andthecursor shoulddroptothe nextline, SECOND: Type- 9: A9b@bAAD2GbEFbFF b E8 b 8A b 4C b 2b G@ (RET) (@ is a zero, NOT an alpha ''O''; b means blank or space; and (RET) hit the "return"! key on the keyboard) THIRD: Type- g.A(RET) (This should print out, on the display, the program you have just entered.) FOURTH: Type- R(RET) (R means run the program.) THE PROGRAM SHOULD THEN PRINT OUT ON THE DISPLAY A CONTINUOUS STREAM OF ASCIE CHARACTERS, TO STOP THE PRO- GRAM AND RETURN TOTHESYSTEM MONITOR, HIT THE "RESET" BUTTON, TO RUN AGAIN, TYPE: R(RET), | SECTION II USING THE SYSTEM MONITOR] The Hex Monitor is a PROM program in locations FFG@toF FFF (hex) which uses the key- boardand display to perform the front panel func— tions of examining memory, and running programs. The monitor program is entered by hitting (RESET), which displays backslash-return. A backslash alone(cursor remains on same line as backslash) indicates bad page 0 RAM. Commands are typed ona"'line-at-a-time” basis with editing. Each line may consist of any number of commands (uptol28characters). None are executed until (RETURN) is typed. The (SHIF T-0) (backarrow) backspaces and echos an underline. The (ESC) cnacels a line and echos backslash-return. One or more hexadecimal digits (0-9, A-F) are used for address and data values. Addresses use the four least significant digits of a group, and data values, the two least significant digits. The following examples illustrate the variety of ac- ceptable commands: 1. Opening a location(examining the contents of a single address). USER TYPES/ 4F (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ QG4F: GF (contents of 4F) 2. Examining ablock; fromthe last examined location, to a specified one. USER TYPES/ .5A (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 9G5G: GO G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 GE G7 9958: G8 99 GA Note: 4F is still considered the most recently opened location. 3. Combining examples 1 and 2 to print a block of memory ina single command. USER TYPES/ 4F.5A (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ G5: GG G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 GE B7 9958: G8 G9 GA Note: Only the first location of the block (4F) is considered "opened". 4, Examining several individual locations at once. USER TYPES/ MONITOR TYPES/ AF b 52 b 56 (RET) GG4F: GF G952: 2 GG56: G6 Note: Note: Note: 10. 56 is considered the most recently opened" location. The "b'f is a blank or comma, and is a delimiter for separation purposes only. A string of delimiters has the same effect as a single one (bbb is as effective as b). Examining several blocks of memory at once. USER TYPES/ 4F.52b 56 b58.5A (RET) OG4F: OF G95G: OO G1 G2 G56: G6 0958: 98 G9 GA MONITOR TYPES/ 58is considered the most recently ''opened"” location. Refer to example 2. Examining successive blocks. USER TYPES/ 4F.52 (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ @64F: OF 695¢: GG G1 G2 USER TYPES/ .55 (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 4953: 93 G4 G5 USER TYPES/ .5A (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 6656: $6 97 G58: 98 G9 GA Depositing data in a single location, USER TYPES/ 3G: AG (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 6930: FF (prior contents) Location 39 is considered opened and now contains 39. Depositing data in successive locations fromthatlastused ina deposit command. USER TYPES/ : Al b A2 b A3 b A4 b A5 (RET) (This deposits Al in location 31, A2 in 32, and so on.) Combining examples 7 and 8 in a single command, USER TYPES/ 36: AGdbAlbA2b A3 b A4 b A5 (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 4939: FF (prior contents of location 39) Depositing data in successive locations with separate commands. USER TYPES/ MONITOR TYPES / USER TYPES/ USER TYPES/ 30: AG b Al (RET) $930: FF :A2 b A3 (RET) :A4 b A5 (RET) NOTE: Capital letters enclosed in parenthesis represent single keystrokes. Example: -3- (RET) means hit the "return" key. Note: ll. Note: 12. Note: 13. 14, A colon in a command means 'start de- positing data from the most recently de- posited location, or if none, then from the most recently opened one. Examining a block, then depositing into it. USER TYPES/ 30.35 (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ $930: AG Al A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 USER TYPES/ :BO b B1 b B2 b B3 b B4 b B5 (RET) New data deposited beginning at most re- cently opened location (39) Run a program at a specified address. USER TYPES/ 1@F@ R (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 19F@: A9 (contents) The cursor isleft immediately to the right of the 'A9"'; it is not returned to the next line. Run atthe most recently examined location, USER TYPES/ 1@F@ (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 1GFQ: A9 USER TYPES/ R(RET) Enter a program into memory and run it in one line. USER TYPES/ 4G: AJ bGb 26 b EF b FF b 38 b 69 b @b4C b 4G b@ R (RET) MONITOR TYPES/ 40: FF (prior con- tents of 4) 15. 16, MONITOR TYPES/ 4G¢: FF (prior con- tents of 49) An "on line" error correction. USER TYPES/ 4G: Al b A2 b A3A4A5A6 b A7 (data A6 will be loaded in location 42) USER TYPES/ 49596070: AA {data AA will be loaded in location 6679) Useful routines in monitor which can be accessed by user programs. GETLINE: location FFIF: monitor entry point (jumping to FF1F will enter monitor and echo carriage return. You can then examine memory locations with the monitor. ) ECHO: location FFEF: prints one byte (ASCII) (data from "'A'! (accumulator), con- tents of 'A' not disturbed. Example: 29 b EF b FF (JRS ECHO)). PRBYTE: location FFDC: prints one byte (HEX) (data from "A'', contents of 'A' dis- turbed. ) PRHEX: location FFES: prints one hex digit (data from four least significant bits of "A'', contents of ''A' disturbed. ) NOTE: RAM locations $924 to GG@2B are used as index pointers by the monitor, when using monitor. used as input buffer storage, and are invalid for user use, Also, locations $269 to 927F are and are also invalid for user use when using the monitor. FFGO¢ FFG@1 FFG2 FFG@4 FFG7 FFG9 FFGC FFGOF FF11 FF13 FF15 FF17 FF18 FFIA FFIC FFIF FF21 FF24 FF 26 FF27 FF29 FF2C FF2E FF31 FF 34 FF37 FF 39 FF3B FF3D FF3F FR4G¢ FF41 FF43 FF44 FF47 FRF49 FF4B FF4D FF4F FF51 FF53 FF55 FF57 FF59 FF5B FF5D FF5F FF62 FF64 FFO66 FF68 FF6A FF6C FF6E FF6F FF7¢ FF71 FF72 FE74 D8 58 AG 7F 8C 12 DG A9 AT 8D 11 DG 8D 13 DG C9 DF FG 13 C9 9B FG 03 C8 1¢ GF AJ DC 20 EF FF AY 8D 20 EF FF AG G1 88 30 F6 AD 11 D@ 1¢ FB AD 19 DG 99 GG G2 26 EF FF C9 8D DG D4 AG FF Ad GG AA GA 85 2B C8 BY GG G2 C9 8D F@ D4 C9 AE 99 F4 FO FG C9 BA FG EB C9 D2 FQ 3B 86 28 86 29 84 2A BI GG G2 49 BG C9 GA 99 G6 69 88 CO FA 99 11 GA gA GA GA A2 G4 GA RESET NOTCR ESCAPE GETLINE BACKSPACE NEXTCHAR SETSTOR SETMODE BLSKIP NEXT ITEM NEXTHEX DIG HEXSHIFT 6502 HEX MONITOR LISTING CLD CLI LDY #$7F STY DSP LDA #$A7 STA KBD CR STA DSP CR CMP #$DF BEQ BACKSPACE CMP #$9B BEQ ESCAPE INY BPL NEXTCHAR LDA #$DC JSR ECHO LDA #$8D JSR ECHO LDY #$@1 DEY BMI GETLINE LDA KBD CR BPL NEXTCHAR LDA KBD STA IN, Y JSR ECHO CMP #$8D BNE NOTCR LDY #$FF LDA #$@¢ TAX ASL STA MODE INY LDA IN, Y CMP #$8D BEQ GETLINE CMP #$AE BCC BLSKIP BEQ SETMODE CMP #$BA BEQ SETSTOR CMP #$D2 BEQ RUN STX L STXH STY YSAV LDA IN, Y EOR #5BG6 CMP #$GA BCC DIG ADC #$88 CMP #$FA BCC NOTHEX ASL ASL ASL ASL LDX #$@4 ASL Clear decimal arithmetic mode. Mask for DSP data direction register, Set it up. KBD and DSP control register mask. Enable interrupts, set CAl, CBl, for positive edge sense/output mode, tap! ? Yes. ESC? Yes. Advance text index. Auto ESC if >127. wy i Output it. CR. Output it. Initiallize text index. Backup text index. Beyond start of line, reinitialize. Key ready? Loop until ready. Load character. B7 should be 'l'. Add to text buffer. Display character. CR? No. Reset text index. For XAM mode. GX. Leaves $7B if setting STOR mode. $09 = XAM, $7B= STOR, $AE= BLOK XAM. Advance text index. Get character. CR? Yes, done this line. tl . "Wi ? Skip delimiter. Set BLOCK XAM mode. Sot ? Yes, set STOR mode. mReie ? Yes, run user program. $OG>L. and H. Save Y for comparison. Get character for hex test, Map digits to $@-9. Digit? Yes. Map letter 'A'-"F" to $FA-FF, Hex letter? No, character not hex. Hex digit to MSD of A, Shift count. Hex digit left, MSB to carry. FF75 FF77 FF79 FF7A FF7C FF7D FF7F FF81 FF83 FF85 FF87 FF89 FF8B FF8D FF8F FF91 FF94 FF97 FF99 FF9B FF9ID FFIF FFAI FFA2 FFA4 FFA6 FFA8 FFAB FFAD FFBG FFB2 FFB5 FFB7 FFBA FFBC FFBF FFC1 FFC4 FFC7 FFC8 FFCA FFCG FFCE FFD¢ FFD2 FFD4 FFD6 FFD8 FFDA FFDC FFDD FFDE FFDF FFEG FFE1 FFE4 FFE5 FFE7 FFE9 6502 HEX MONITOR LISTING (continued) 26 28 26 29 CA Dg F8 C8 DG EG C4 2A FQ 97 24 2B 59 1¢ A5 28 81 26 E6 26 D@ BS E6 27 4C 44 FF 6C 24 GG 39 2B A2 G2 B5 27 95 25 95 23 CA DG F7 DG 14 AY 8D 20 EF FF A5 25 29 DC FF A5 24 20 DC FF AI BA 20 EF FF AY AG 20 EF FF Al 24 20 DC FF 86 2B A5 24 C5 28 A5 25 E5 29 BG Cl E6 24 DG G2 E6 25 A5 24 29 97 19 C8 48 PRBYTE 4A 4A 4A 4A 20 ES FF 68 29 GF 69 BG C9 BA NOTHEX TONEXTITEM RUN NOTSTOR SETADR NXTPRNT PRDATA XAMNEXT MOD8CHK PRHEX ROL L ROLH DEX BNE HEXSHIFT INY BNE NEXTHEX CPY YSAV BEQ ESCAPE BIT MODE BVC NOTSTOR LDA L STA (STL, X) INC STL BNE NEXTITEM INC STH JMP NEXTITEM JMP (XAML) BMI XAMNEXT LDX #$¢2 LDA L-1,X STA STL-1, X STA XAML-1, X DEX BNE SETADR BNE PRDATA LDA #$8D JSR ECHO LDA XAMH JSR PRBYTE LDA XAML JSR PRBYTE LDA #SBA JSR ECHO LDA #$AG JSR ECHO LDA (XAML, X) JSR PRBYTE STX MODE LDA XAML CMP L LDA XAMH SBC H BCS TONEXTITEM INC XAML BNE MOD8CHK INC XAMH LDA XAML AND #$97 BPL NXTPRNT PHA LSR LSR LSR LSR JSR PRHEX PLA AND #$0F ORA #$B¢ CMP #$BA Rotate into LSD. Rotate into MSD's, Done 4 shifts? No, loop. Advence text index, Always taken. Check next character for hex, Check if L, H empty (no hex digits). Yes, generate ESC sequence. Test MODE byte. B6=9 for STOR, 1 for XAM and BLOCK XAM LSD's of hex data, Store at current ‘store index', Increment store index, Get next item. (no carry). Add carry to 'store index' high order. Get next command item. Run at current XAM index. B7 = @ for XAM, 1 for BLOCK XAM. Byte count. Copy hex data to 'store index', And to 'XAM index’, Next of 2 bytes. Loop unless X=, NE means no address to print. CR. Output it. ‘Examine index! high-order byte. Output it in hex format. Low-order 'examine index' byte. Output it in hex format. thel! Output it. Blank. Output it. Get data byte at 'examine index'. Output it in hex format. G-> MODE (XAM mode). Compare ‘examine index' to hex data. Not less, sono more data to output. Increment 'examine index'. Check low-order 'examine index' byte For MOD 8= ¢ Always taken, Save A for LSD. MSD to LSD position. Output hex digit. Restore A. Mask LSD for hex print. Add git, Digit? 6592 HEX MONITOR LISTING (continued) FFEB 9¢ 62 BCC ECHO Yes, output it. FFED 69 96 ADC #$¢6 Add offset for letter. FFEF 2C 12 D@ ECHO BIT DSP DA bit (B7) cleared yet? FFF2 39 FB BMI ECHO No, wait for display. FFF4 8D 12 D@ STA DSP Output character. Sets DA, FFF7 66 RTS Return. FFF8 64 $@¢ (unused) FFPA 90 OF (NMI) FFFC @¢@ FF(RESET) FFFE 99 99 (IRQ) HARDWARE NOTES Page @ Variables Other Variables XAML 24 IN 290-27F XAMH 25 KBD Dg1g STL 26 KBD CR DG1l1 PIA STH 27 DSP Dg12 L 28 DSP CR Dg13 H 29 YSAV 2A MODE 2B KBD/DSP Interface r Bl ———*IPAG Dd-D7 KK] DATA BUS B22 FJPA1 RSG *—— AG KBD B=—_——PPA2 RS] }*#———- Al ASCII ~ B4 ————?PA3 CS@ }e——- A4 Data BS ———»pPA4 CS] ——— + B6 ————MIPA5 CS2 pt—- Decode Al5, Al4, Al3, Al2 to $DXxXxX B? -——"F/PA6 E es @2 ~ 45 ———— PAT Vc fet Vss | KBD STROBE———CA1__- R/W /e———R/W STL One Shot Le CBI (3.5 usec) f— RDA (UART style) + (from display) CBzel Se » DA (UART style) (to display) aoe i es PB7/¢ * Reset PB6}—> B6 PB5—————? B5 PB4-e-——— B4 PB3--———> B3 ASCII to display PB2-———> B2 PBIP—* Bl pBg}——> Bg PIA 682¢ SECTION III HOW TO EXPAND THE APPLE SYSTEM The Apple system can be expanded to in- clude more memory and 10 devices, via a 44—-pin edge connector. The system is fully expandable to 65K, with the entire data and address busses, clocks, control signals (i.e. IRQ, NMI, DMA, RDY, etc.), and power sources available at the connector. All address lines are TTL buffered, and data lines can drive ten equivalent capacitive loads (one TTL load and 130pf) without external buffers. All clock signals are TTL. The Apple system runs at approximately 1 MHz (see spec sheet) and is fully compatible with 6800/6500 style timing. Three power sources are available at the edge connector: +5 volts regulated, and raw DC (approximately +/- 14V) for the +12V, -12V, and -5V supplies. If +12V, ~12V, or -5V supplies are required, EXTERNAL REGULATORS MUST BE USED, An excess of 1.5 amps from the "“on- board" regulated +5V supply is available for ex- pansion (assuming suitable transformer ratings are employed). Exercise great care in the handling of the raw DC, as no short-circuit protection is provided. REFRESH: Four out of every 65 clock cycles is dedi- cated to memory refresh. At the start of a re- fresh cycle (150 ns after leading edge of §1), RF goes low, and remains low for one clock cycle. @2 is inhibited during a refresh cycle, and the processor is held in G1 (it's inactive state). Dy- namic memories, which must clock during refresh cycles, should derive their clock from $0, which is equivalent to 2, except that it continues during a refresh cycle. Devices, such as PIA's, will not be affected by a refresh cycle, since they react to G2 only. Referto Apple "Tech Notes" for a variety of interfacing examples. DMA: The Apple system has full DMA capability. For DMA, the DMA control line tri-states the address buss, thus allowing external devices to control the buss. Consult MOS TECHNOLOGY 6502 Hardware Manual for details. (For DMA use, the solder jumper on the board, marked "DMA", must be broken.) For the 6502 microprocessor, the RDY line is used to halt the processor for single step- ping, or slow ROM applications. Refer to Apple "Tech Notes" for examples, SOFTWARE CONSIDERATIONS: . The sequences listed below arethe routines used to read the keyboard or output to the display. Read Key from KBD: LDA KBD CR (D@11) BPL LDA KBD DATA (D@1G) Output to Display: er DSP (DG12) BPL STA DSP (DG@12) PIA Internal Registers: KBD Data DG1g High order bit equals 1, KBD Control Reg. D@1l High order bitindicates ''key ready". Reading key clears flag. Rising edge of KBD sets flag. DSP DATA DG12 Lower seven bits are data output, high order bit is ‘display ready"! input (lequals ready, @ equals busy) DSP Control Reg. D913 1 (NOTE 14) Th STANCOR P-8380 (or equiv) 105-125 VAC 6OHz POWER SOURCE T2 STANCOR P-8667 (or equiv) (NOTE 14) nk} RF RES NMI TRO RDY 06 D4 De og OMA AIS AlZ Al/5. A9/3 AT/| {NOTE IS) HEATSINK TAB= =| rol 2 po -5V 22 co O——RESET (B4-1} REVISIONS INITIALS ancl DATE DESCRIPTION DRETG cHeck | ENORG 3] L320 MP-5 +] 25V HEATSINK___=GND = LM323 2 ae +5V + 92 © Te pi IN4C0! HEATSINK TAB= -/5V Nom, ~ P+ — df 3 2 ¢ LM320 MP-l2 -l2v sb 2400 Lb 22 a ay aie pyisoor = _[L 7 HEATSINK TAB= GND Lh im34o-i2 [2 +12V + NOTES: (continued from sheet 2/3) 2400 —E 50 25v “T 25v 14, Tl EQUIVALENT TRANSFORMER SHALL BE 8 TO 10 VOLT SECONDARY, WITH = 3 AMP MINIMUM CURRENT RATING, T2 EQUIVALENT TRANSFORMER SHALL BE 28 VOLT SECON DARY, CENT ER- TAPPED, WITH 1 AMP MINIMUM RATING, 15. CASE OF REGULATOR, LM323, AND HEAT SINK TABS OF REMAINING THREE REG-— J2 ULATORS ARE ALL AT DIFFERENT B4 ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS, CAUTION SHOULD BE EXERCISED TO INSURE AGAINST DIRECT ELECTRICAL CONTACT BETWEEN THESE POINTS. THEY MUST ® +5V RESET —eQ)i 16 C4 > $5 NOT BE SHORTED TOGETHER, NOR TO B4—pO2 I5CQq— ae (NOTE 10) THE HEATSINK OF THE LM323. @) | vivo our B3—PO3 14Oq— STROBE Be—PO4 BO @ |eno Bi—+*Os = 12 — CLEAR SCREEN Bs—pOs 1 Ot > -i2v @® Jrev Be—pO7 igOQ4— t+12v B7— Oe oor —_No. +5V——_o_0—_# CLEAR SCREEN (84-12) DRAWN BY DATE INTERPRET THIS DRAWING No. PER USASI YI4.5 R. WAYNE 4-2-76 UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED ARE IN INCHES. CHECKED. Ay COMPUTER COMPANY ‘TOLERANCES ON: FRACTIONS = 1/16 ox = 4.1 ANGLES = 217 x x= £03 SURFACE FINISH 7 xxx = + 010 s. DESIGN ENGINEER PROJECT ENGINEER 3-10-76 = TILE SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM MATERIAL: DOCUMENT CONTROL APPLE ~1 POWER SUPPLY APPROVED size | DRAWING NO. REV —REF- 06100 00101 A NEXT ASSY USED ON APPLICATION SCALE | | suey gor tT If more than one source for RDY use open~collector gate 74G@1 (not '@) cs oo & (Slow ROM address decoded) 7474 «+O ROY > > __+—{ai > needed only for single INSTR mode SINGLE INSTRUCTION ° SINGLE CYCLE SLOW ROM (NOTE: Features not needed may be omitted) SINGLE STEP FOR 6502 ADDRESS DISPLAY 74174 00 AG a AG > DG Q¢ We > Al D1 Ql 100M AUD 100 Az (IRD A2 D2 Q2 ANA ot A3 D3 93 100 AR TDW 100 A4 Wey A4 >| D4 O4 AN >t 100 A5 TW A5 p1 D5 Q5 AW fo CL 4 {i> Dd CL 09 100 Aé aN ie 91 100, Al fY\WX D2 02 100 As SAN rps Q3 100 ww, ELAN 100 All YC ~ D5 Q5 WA Nay 74174 CL Alz eHpg ag 100 Ww Al2__@n Ala} D1 Ql 100M Al3 QD xia D2 Q2 100 Al4 WI ALE D3 93 100 Al5 (\~7 iets Ney) SYNG D5 Q5 100 Ww SENS 6H 74174 -12- alr RDY The Apple Computer Company hereby warrants each of its products, and all components therein contained, to be free from defects in materials and/or workmanship for a period of thirty (30) days from date of purchase. In the event of the occur- rence of malfunction, or other indication of failure attributable directly to faulty workmanship and/or material, then, upon re- turn of the product to the Apple Computer Company, at 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, California, 94304 (postage prepaid), the Apple Computer Company will, at its option, repair or replace said products or components thereof, to what ever extent Apple Com— puter Company shall deem necessary, to restore said product to proper operating condition. All such repairs or replacements shall be rendered by the Apple Computer Company, without charge to the customer. The responsibility for the failure of any Apple Computer product, or component thereof, which, at the discretion of the Apple Computer Company, shall have resulted either directly or indirectly from accident, abuse, or misapplication of the product, shall be assumed bythe customer, andthe Apple Computer Com- pany shall assume no liability as a consequence of such events under the terms of this warranty. While every effort, on the part of Apple Computer Com- pany, is made toprovide clear and accurate technical instruction on the use, implementation, and application of its products, the Apple Computer Company shallassume noliability in events which may arise from the application of such technical instruction, nor shall the Apple Computer Company be held liable for the quality, interconnection, or application of periferal products, which may have been recommended by Apple Computer Company, but which have not been supplied as part of the product. This warranty contains and embodies the limits of re- sponsibility of the Apple Computer Company, with regard to its products, and no other liability is expressed, implied, or should be assumed by the purchaser, and in no event shall the Apple Computer Company be held liable for the loss of time, effort, or transportation costs, nor for loss of potential profits or other consequential losses which might arise fromthe purchase, assem— bly, use, application, or subsequent sale of the products of Apple Computer Company, nor from any instructions and/or technical information thereto related. 74 Ft, * 3 . 5 7 3 | 1 REVISIONS INITIALS and DATE SYM (CHAR_ RATE) DESCRTION prin [etree | evere A | RELEASED FOR PROOUCTION ho Lees aA 2 ~T rT 7 an L104] ts tc if 1 3 4 5 6. VINH A 3 4 6 — Pi PO P3 Q3 MR PO Pt Pe P3 fr { 7] MR PO Pi P3 CEP lop CEP CEP D cP MEM @ Re 3000 NOTES; UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:- 1. ALL OUTPUTS OF C3, 2519 (PINS 7 THRU 12), ARE PROVIDED Ra 4000 WITH "PULL-DOWN" RESISTORS, 7500 OHMS EACH, TO -12V. 2. INTERCONNECTIONS BETWEEN SCHEMATIC SECTIONS ARE INDICATED BY [__ ] AREAS. 3. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5%. 7 SEE NOTE! lzloy i Cc beg 4, ALL CAPACITOR VALUES ARE IN MICROFARADS. erp mae iz Nog AS ua Woo ls 5. ALL DIODES ARE TYPE 1N914. DI [4 8lo5 D2 age 63 63 6. ALL GATES ARE 74' SERIES DEVICES, - B4-12 0 74186 ; lo 2513 20 9 2519 74157 (+5V2Te- CET GND AT 04 5 @ (See additional notes, sheet 2/3) 3 n Zz Wd 21 8 I Zc Q cL2 ec] CE AB 05 cP 22 7 A AQ 06 2 3 SEE NOTE tak. o— 2424 RATE B 2 (DOT ) Li J oa 'e i— IN4 Clla IN2 c ycc +5V vee 31 ps0025 => C5 OUTL OUT2 = T = RIO = G3 10K 4e_fs (CHAR RATE) = RI! 555 B CLA 10k 4 +5V e_|4 js 3 LAST = 2 5 D4, |, s © ) CP 2504 LAST H—se1D¢ oh OC: Tic lia 10a : wel 9 paz ome ; @4 ao 05 WCL Oo: Qa 2 72 4. WRITE 10 hart 6 Ros] | ga gs rn cs one =. 30 i oF at Cl3 S 2 2 5 ois 7115 = RIS Di4,/& S Di4, | 330 4 7 2504 “1 2504 tl LAST H CEP. ca 8 — 10! CET , 7 C4 R8& PQ_p2 3000 Pon esasr Vise R.WAYNE 4-276 APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY ——- 14.31818 MHz cate ~5V UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED KeD RO TOLERANCES ON SWoRulli =< 3000 Sette - wee PROJECT I NCINEER SHOEI me SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM — SURFACE FINISH vas = = 010 ~ NOTICE TO ALL PERSONS drawing oranydesign or technical reproduce this decument, or any o 42°76 APPLE ~ 1 RECEIVING THIS DRAWING: information shown thereon, nor part thereof, nor to make use of MATERIAL BOCLMENT CONTROL This drawing is only conditionally any right to reproduce this draw- any information contained herein TERMINAL SECTION issued, and neither receipt nor ing orany part thereof, exceptfor is granted, except by written a— = = APPROVED si A possession thereof confers of m™anufacture by vendors of Apple greement with, or license by, the REE wiellele) a rn iegr 00101 A transfers any right in, or license Computer, under written license Apple Computer Company. SSS) LSED ON touse, the subject matter of the by Apple Computer. No right to APPLICATION SCALE | | SULIT 1°3 D, \. i i 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TERMINAL w °} ON ONINVHC LS v | &| TOTO AR ; ‘ REVISIONS: TERMINAL INITIALS and PATE a N SYM DESCRIPTION = DRFIG | CHECK ENGRG {cc 3 ve Vo___H5 Ha] A [RELEASED FOR PRODUCTION Wye |. : Ad Al JAR VMA VMs RES nes a 3K . JUMPER FOR 8 olay nlog ste =yoloyr lay s J oom [ay ge qt < + aR 3 mM § a & 15 15 E 8 4 s KY Sh LL NOTE 13 adas Ram = EB SB} ol=f ils 87 88 NOTES eees i i i x 79 ™i81/M48257 |, | | 74157/148257 alae o 8 uaa Qa 2ene csi eg! Lol ae = tse 2 cs2<4 EZ Yor a8 «4s 7g - 14151/ aa ee J roy a ca 148257 5 «Ys fi 2 Tin cseeqe 89 1A 4 =e . i ZA 2 crea? 74154 NOTES: {continued from sheet 1/3) 18 96 css8 eas aall7 Bic ve a55+Sfo 7. UNIT, AS SUPPLIED, IN- B6 hi txethe CLUDES A 6502 MIGRO- ' is qec ¢ SA Ts PROCESSOR, AND SOLDER pss E 2c tse <q" JUMPERS AT BOTH POINTS , | VSS ths 2p tse «Hie MARKED "6502", AND HAS 38} 50 AT a aw <4 ‘3 OMITTED ALL COMPON- Ba] 16] at97 ENTS SHOWN WITHIN THE MOS TECHNOLOGY ose «414 DM8097 DOTTED BOX, IF A 6800 = 6502 \ 2 oF 45 ae, IS SUBSTITUTED FOR THE NOTE 7 bots 4D IS 6502 IT IS NECESSARY TO 15] 2 7 INSTALL ALL COMPON- L Pole IGA af, ENTS SHOWN, AND TO 85 5,4 ~ we BREAK BOTH SOLDER MICRO PROCESSOR 1A 198 A 6 Ae, BRIDGES NOTED "6502". 6] 7 ofS! 1 Sie zer tao 8, UNIT IS SUPPLIED WITH: io Al Y¥ Jumpered to CSF TLC IBC 6 i, P' ‘° mat57/ 2°13 Ty 2 Jumpered to CSD 74825] ‘AIO! W Jumpered to CS1 and el NO) X Jumpered to CSG. _ 4 g § 3 Les R,S, and T, ARE USER 9 rare R25 [a] 1028. SELECTABLE CHIP TOF Jol 3K (TERM) a2. SELECTS, (4K BLOCKS) aa _ 2 Ao, 9. KYBD & DSP ARE INTER- j-------4 = ; " (RBS) >| > RUPT OUTPUTS FROM PIA. 1 Alo! POINTS LABELED "IRQ", Hl 2ng ‘NMI ARE INTERRUPT { oo “le INPUTS FROM MICGRO- — | D I L PROCESSOR. FOR NOR- . . i ml fos foe MAL OPERATION NO 6502 i cL M JUMPERS ARE REQUIRED, i i) i (Cas) : 10, KEYBOARD SOCKET, (B4), SEE NOTE?’ l A PIN 15, (BIT 8), SHOULD fi OY—Y OP OFRY sym _—- naa sv oa 5 BE JUMPERED TO Vcc | SY¢areY 2 EF B pgp wi Xx sv) 1 (45V), FOR NORMAL ! 14] rreoute rod 1 fe) NOTES 22 OPERATION WITH i red ce2 a2 pit SUPPLIED SOFTWARE, 2 Y Note lz | 10 cul NOTE a een 5 UNREGULATED z 1k. PROMS ARE 256 x 4, AND r.0l -O1l>N i 14 4 j j CEI pos io 2g MAY BE ONE OF THE 6820 | 1 7 FOLLOWING TYPES: Re2|Re3 Rig | 616 1.Oy 4 SIGNETICS 825129, PIA Ae 22 «y PROM ay oy Ouny sy my n 3 HARRIS H1024, Qs O4 1 aT oS CIS 104 LO} eat x INTEL/MMI 3601. C13), 1.0 1 14 qatad < « < Ci 13 at ne LL ea __4 pp cee et u p—_C16 1044 10} 1¢C22 | K 12. VOLTAGES (412, -12) ON TTTe Al NOTE CITIOY Lol | c23 9 EDGE CONNECTOR ARE NOTE Il 8 a le LS J UNREGULATED, FILTERED C1812 44 Lol iccad D.C., AND SHOULD NOT Ba 8 & TOV 8 BE USED WITHOUT ADDED =] =) 2) > ti REGULATION. 7 5 13. IF DMA REQUIRED, BREAK JUMPER SHOWN. USE 748257 Fizv 6 AT POSITIONS B5, B6, B7, . 'PLIED) UNREGULATED — AND BB. (AS SUP. (NOTE 12) -rvy— 6NnD INTERPRET THIS DRAWING DRAWN BY DATE PER USASI YI4-s R. WAYNE 4-2-76 APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED CHECKED DIMENSIONS ARE iN INCHES TOLERANCES OW: DESIGN ENGINEFR: FRACTIONS = 41/16 a= 44 IS.WOZNIAK _3-10-76T"77,, SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM SORES | wy = #03) TU pROIECT ENGINEER NCERNISH ux = #010 eRe 3-10-76 APPLE ~1 TERMINAL NOTICE TO ALL PERSONS drawing or any design or technical reproduce this document, or any = RECEIVING THIS DRAWING: information shown thereon, nor part thereof, nor to make use of MATERIAL: DOCUMENT CONTROL This drawing is only conditionally any right to reproduce this draw- any information herein contained PROCESSOR SECTION issued, and neither receipt nor ing orany part thereof, except for is granted, except by written a- APPROVED SIZE DRAWING NO. REV aie gs ‘ possession thereof confers or manufacture by vendors of Apple greement with, or license by, the Poa REF= 20100 D 00101 A transfers any right in, or license Computer, under written license Apple Computer Company. NEXT ASSY USED ON i touse, the subject matter of the by Apple Computer. No right to APPLICATION SCALE | SHEET 2°3 8 | 7 6 5 T 4 | 3 2 | 1